AY 201 Fall 2009
Syllabus
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1.  Radiation concepts and Radiative Transfer
	a.  The Electromagnetic Spectrum (2 lectures; RL 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3; Shu 1,2,11)
		-Use Maxwell's equations to derive wave propagation, dispersion
		relation
		-Frequency, wavelength, energy
		-Definitions of radio spectrum
		-Poynting vector:  requirement of E propto R^-1 for radiation
		-Inverse square law
		-Power spectral density
		-Sampling theorem
	c.  Radiative Transfer (2; RL 1.4 ; Shu 3,4,5)
		-Specific intensity and its moments
		-Radiation pressure
		-Emission, Absorption, Transfer Equation, Optical depth, 
		Source function 
		-Plane parallel atmospheres
	d.  Blackbody radiation (2; RL 1.5; Shu 6)
		-Kirchoff's Law
		-Thermal equilibrium
		-Planck function
		-Formation of emission and absorption lines
		-Limb darkening
	e. Scattering (2; RL 1.7, 1.8)
		-Coherent/incoherent scattering
		-Isotropic/anisotropic
		-Mean free path
		-Combined scattering & absorption 
		-Grey atmosphere
		-Eddington approximation
		-Rosseland mean opacity
	f.  Polarization (1; RL 2.4; Shu 12 )
		-Polarized waves
		-Stokes parameters
		-Polarization of incoherent radiation
		-Poincare sphere
		-Optical polarization elements
		-Polarization and scattering
2.  Radiation from free electrons
	a.  Dipole radiator (2; RL 3.1, 3.2, 3.3; Shu 13, 14)
		-Retarded time
		-Lienert-Weichert potential
		-Acceleration leads to radiation
		-Near-field/far-field
		-Larmor's formula
		-Dipole approximation
		-Spectral properties of dipole radiation
		-Quadrupole approximation
	b.  Thomson scattering (1; RL 3.4, 3.5, 3.6)
		-Driven oscillators
		-Thomson cross-section
		-Driven, damped oscillator
		-Radiation reaction force
		-Rayleigh scattering
		-Lorentz profile
	c.  Brehmsstrahlung (1; RL 5; Shu 15)
		-Impact parameter  approximation and limits
		-Gaunt factor
		-Thermal brehmsstrahlung
		-Thermal absorption of brehmsstrahlung
	d.  Special relativity (1; RL 4.1, 4.6, 4.8)
		-Lorentz transformations
		-Velocity transformations
		-Relativistic beaming
		-Doppler effect
		-Lorentz invariance of power
		-Relativistic Larmor formula
		-Emitted and received power
	e. Synchrotron radiation (2; RL  6; Shu 16, 17, 18, 19 )
		-Cyclotron frequency
		-Integrated power from synchrotron source
		-Synchrotron spectrum
		-Spectrum of power-law electrons
		-Angular dependence of synchrotron radiation
		-Linear polarization from synchrotron
		-Formula solution for synchrotron 
		-Self-absorption
	f. Inverse Compton (2; RL 7)
		-Photon momentum
		-Quantum cross-sections 
		-Inverse Compton radiation
		-Integrated IC effect for power-law electrons
		-Relationship to synchrotron radiation
		-IC spectra
		-y-parameter for repeated scattering
		-Relativistic/NR cases
		-Kompaneets equation
		-SZ effect
	g. Plasma effects (1; RL 8; Shu 20)
		-Wave propagation in plasma
		-Plasma frequency
		-Group & phase velocity
		-Dispersed pulses, dispersion measure
		-Faraday rotation
		-Scattering by turbulent plasma
		-Depolarization effects
3.  Bound-free, Bound-bound processes
	a.  Einstein coefficients (1; RL 1.6)
		-Spontaneous emission
		-Absorption
		-Stimulated emission
		-Einstein relations
		-Detailed balance
		-Einstein-Milne relations for H-+hv <--> H + e-
	b.  Atomic structure and transitions (2; RL 9, 10; Shu 21, 22)
		-Order of magnitude considerations
		-Central field approximation
		-Hydrogen-like atomic structure
		-Selection rules
		-Recombination lines
		-Bound-bound absorption cross section
		-Bound-free absorption cross section
		-Natural line width
		-Doppler broadening
	c.  Spin (1; RL 9.4 ; Bradt 11)
		-Magnetic moment
		-Hydrogen spin-flip transition
		-Zeeman Effect
	d. Molecular spectra (1; RL 11)
		-Rotation, vibration, electronic
		-Energy levels
		-Dipole approximation for rate calculation
		-Excitation of molecular H2
		-Carbon monoxide
		-Critical density
		-Ro-vibrational spectra
		-Partition function
	e.  Radiation from dust (1)
		-Absorption, emission, scattering efficiencies
		-Geometric optics limit
		-Rayleigh limit
		-General extinction
		-Selective extinction
		-Emissivity of dust in RJ tail
	f.  Masers (1)
		-2+ level system
		-Population inversion
		-Pump efficiency
		-Unsaturated, saturated masers
		-Maser angular size
		-Maser line width growth

RL=Radiative Process in Astrophysics by Rybicki & Lightman
Shu=Radiation by Shu